The Newsletter of The Italian Club of St. Louis
Internet Edition
DECEMBER 1999
Food, Wine and Music
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President's Corner
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Gabriello Chiabrera
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Presepe Napoletano
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La Rondine is published monthly by The Italian Club of St. Louis

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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Editor
Franco Giannotti
Internet Edition
(Click on name for email)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

ITALIAN CLUB 

OF ST. LOUIS
President:
Gene Mariani
Vice President: 
Roger Gennari
Treasurer:
Barbara Klein
Secretary: 
Marie Cuccia-Brand
Directors:
James Tognoni 
Carolyn Stelzer 
Marie Wehrle
COMMITTEES
Program Committe:
Pete Puleo 
Tony Perrone 
Vito Tamboli 
Patty Viviano 
Gene Mariani
Newsletter Editor:
Luisa Gabbiani Flynn
Italian Club Website:
Franco Giannotti 
Panettone Players:
Carolyn Stelzer

MEMBERSHIP MEETINGS
The club meets every 
third Wednesday at DaBaldo Restaurant

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
 
 
 
 

 

La Rondine

Volume 3 - Issue 12
Visit our website at www.italystl.com/italianclub
December 1999

DECEMBER MEETING 
FOOD, WINE, AND MUSIC,
METAPHORS OF ITALIAN CULTURE

A CELEBRATION OF CHRISTMAS


Our December program will celebrate our cultural heritage, as well as the season, through the special symbols for which Italy is famous worldwide - food, wine, and music, symbols of the Italians' love of life in all its richness and pleasures.  In this regard, we have chosen a very special menu and appropriate wines accompanied by a bit of seasonal music - all of which we believe will make for a most enjoyable and memorable evening.  The cost will be $40 per person.  A copy of the menu is enclosed.

Because of the advance preparation required for the dinner, we must have your reservations by December 6 and we will be unable to accommodate late reservations or "walk-ins" as we are strictly limiting attendance to 72 people.

Also, at this meeting there will not be a gift exchange.  Instead of bringing a gift, we suggest that a donation be given to a charitable cause.
 

Next Meeting December 15 
Cocktails 6:30 PM - Dinner 7:00 PM 
Da Baldo's Restaurant 


RECAP OF NOVEMBER MEETING
 

The Kinesthetic Visions 
of Anna Morandi Manzolini 

At our November meeting, Dr. Rebecca Messbarger, Assistant Professor of Italian at Washington University, shared her investigation regarding “Anna Morandi Manzolini’s Anatomical Wax Figures”.  The following is an excerpt of Dr. Messbarger’s abstract. 
“During the Italian Enlightenment, science took claim of the human body.  The “Era of Uncovering” pulled skin away from muscle, sectioned surface from deep musculature, cut flesh from bone in order to know and to convey the real of life-matter.  No longer viewed strictly as a final act of recompense by a barber surgeon on the body of the condemned, dissection won legitimacy as a primary field of inquiry within the anatomical sciences, a field explicitly sanctioned and advanced by the supreme moral arbiter of the Enlightenment period, Pope Benedict XIV.  Dissection and the systematic representation of the dismembered human form in written and visual texts signified a new narrative of the body in which coalesced disparate questions and conceptual fields:  life and death, matter and form, art and science, sense and cognition, word and image, body and mind.  Underlying the scientific renderings in word and image of the body was the belief that explicit knowledge of the composition and mechanics of human matter would lead to an understanding not only of the life force but also of the very structure and nature of reality itself.

The anatomical wax sculptures of eighteenth century Bolognese artist and anatomist Anna Morandi Manzolini (1716-1774) epitomize the poetics and design of this new body narrative.  Morandi defied her meager origins and the profound limits of her sex to become one of the most acclaimed anatomists and anatomical designers of the Italian Enlightenment.  Her meticulous wax sculptures of the bodies she helped to dissect manifest the intimate partnership between the taxonomic eye and the probing hand that marks the new Enlightenment world order.  Resistant to both the neoclassical ideal as well as the canon of topographical anatomy, her sculptures and voluminous explanatory notes offer a reformative body narrative devoid of moral allegory that envisions each organ in terms of its vital function within the context of a dynamic interdependent biological whole.  She focuses on the hand for what it will disclose about the sense of touch, the eye for what it reveals about sight, and the mouth for what it will tell us about the sense of taste.  She simultaneously visualizes and theorizes links between the body’s various structures in order to locate the way and the site of convergence between human matter and the life force.  Not surprisingly, Morandi specifically fixes in her work on the hand and eye, those organs essential for dissection, sculpture and a direct knowledge of the material foundations of human existence.

However, it is Morandi’s visual autobiography, her life-size wax self-portrait that not only renders transparent the artist’s vision of the power of the hand and its ideal alliance with the eye for recounting the truth of the body, but that also testifies to the real of scientific inquiry.  The ornate apparel and jewelry of Morandi’s imposing facsimile prove only a momentary distraction from the primary focus of the portrait, her dissection of a human brain.  Staring thoughtfully forward, the woman scientist prepares to penetrate with the scalpel in her right hand the seat of human intellection.  Morandi represents that climactic moment at which her discerning hands take possession of the body’s master organ and dispatch substantial and immediate truths to the abstracting eye.  Unlike the myriad representations she created of living eyes, hands, mouths, and even bones, the brain set on the wooden dissection table before Morandi’s self-replica is inanimate.  An indistinct mass of neural tissue, the spent organ, to which tufts of human hair still cling, highlights the dirty business of science, which involves in this case the penetration of the dead body.”

During Dr. Messbarger’s presentation, we had the opportunity to see slides of Dr. Morandi’s work. Since the sense organs were the focus of her work, she had many wax figures of eyes and hands. .Dr. Morandi and her husband, Dr. Manzolini, gave dissection lessons in their home, instructed surgeons and medical students in human anatomy and created these wax figures.  After her husband died when she was 39, Dr. Morandi’s continued the work on her own.  In 1761, she became the Chairperson of the Anatomical Modeling Department.  She also sculpted a life-size wax portrait of her husband dissecting a heart.  In addition to her life-like wax sculptures, Dr. Morandi left a 250-page notebook, which indexes figures and mechanics of human anatomy.  Before her death in 1774, she became internationally renowned.  Catherine the Great, one of her most famous admirers, requested a copy of her self-portrait. 

 



L'angolo del presidente
by Gene Mariani
 
  

TOGNONI ELECTED DIRECTOR

In the election held at the November 17 meeting, James Tognoni was elected to the Board of Directors of the Club for a three-year term of office commencing January 2000.  Tognoni will replace Peter Puleo, whose term of office expires at that time.  Many thanks to Peter for his service to the Club as a member of the Board.  Peter continues to serve as the Club's representative on the Board of the Federation of Italian-American Organizations.  Many thanks also to member Patty Viviano, who ran against Jim Tognoni, for her willingness to serve the Club.  She continues as a member of the Club's Program Committee.

BENVENUTE!

At the November meeting two new members were accepted into the Club.  We are pleased to welcome Mary Ann Gordona Nessel and Evelyn Borghesi Pellegrin.  Mary Ann's family comes from Lombardy (Sondrio) on her father's side and from Lazio and Lombardy on her mother’s side.  Evelyn's father was born in Tuscany (Bagni di Lucca) and her mother in Sicily (Palermo).

 



ANNOUNCEMENTS
 
TICKETS FOR LA SCALA

The 1999 – 2000 opera season at La Scala's runs from December 7, 1999 (Ludwig Van Beethoven’s Fidelio) to November 4, 2000 (Luigi Nono’s Prometeo).  The ticket office is open seven days a week from 12 noon to 6 P.M. except on national holidays.  Tickets for the same evening's performance are sold at the box office until fifteen minutes after the performance begins.  The ticket office begins selling any tickets left over from Internet and telephone sales one month prior to performances.  Tickets may also be purchased through the ReteBIT (Bank, Internet, Telephone) system two months before any performance.  They range in price from 120,000 to 1,800,000 lire for the opening night on December 7, 1999.  For most other operas, including all subsequent performances of Fidelio, they range from 20,000 to 280,000 lire.  Thirty minutes prior to each performance, the box office at the Piazza della Scala sells two hundred standing room tickets at 10,000 lire per person, the least expensive tickets available.  Tickets can also be purchased by telephone (02/860775) and Internet (http://www.lascala.milano.it) with payment by credit card; an additional 20 percent is added for the reservation service charge.  The telephone number is a 24-hour automatic service and English can be selected.  The reservation must be confirmed by fax. 
(Source:  Italy-Italy Magazine, No. 5, 1999)




 
The Italian Club of St. Louis
Wishes to All Its Members

A  Merry  Christmas
and
A  Happy  New  Year


 


 
I capolavori della poesia italiana

16.  Gabriello Chiabrera (Savona 1552 – 1638), trascorse l’esistenza presso le corti dell’Italia centro-settentrionale e prestò un servizio particolarmente lungo alla corte dei Medici, per i quali fu “cantore di gesta” sia della famiglia che della città, Firenze.  A differenza di altri poeti dell’epoca, il Chiabrera mantenne legami con i vecchi modelli manieristici della lirica cinquecentesca.  La struttura metrica da lui preferita è la canzonetta, un componimento impostato sul verso breve nel quale acquista grande importanza l’andamento ritmico delle strofe.  In questa canzonetta il poeta ripropone il tema della giovinezza che sfiorisce.

Che la beltà presto finisce
di Gabriello Chiabrera

La violetta
Che in sull’erbetta
Apre al mattin novella1
Di’, non è cosa
Tutta odorosa,
Tutta leggiadra e bella?

Sì, certamente,
Ché dolcemente
Ella ne spira odori,
E n’empie il petto
Di bel diletto
Col bel de’ suoi colori.

Vaga2 rosseggia
Vaga biancheggia,
Tra l’aure mattutine;
Pregio d’aprile
Via più gentile:
Ma che diviene al fine?

(vv.1-18)
1 appena nata.  2 graziosa. 

LA STORIA D’ITALIA
 
(Continua dal numero precedente)
6.  I Romani.  Secondo la leggenda, Roma fu fondata da Romolo e Remo, i gemelli discendenti dall’eroe troiano Enea, figlio della dea Venere.  Con l’aiuto della madre, Enea riuscì a fuggire da Troia con il padre e il figlioletto e approdò sulla costa italica, dove sposò Lavinia, la figlia di un re locale. 

Pare che Roma sia sorta tra il X e VIII secolo A.C. dall’unione di più comunità partecipanti alla lega religiosa latina che aveva il suo centro nel santuario di Giove Laziale.  Vinta la rivale Alba Longa e ottenuta la supremazia sulle città laziali, Roma fu a sua volta sottoposta alla dominazione etrusca durante il regno degli ultimi tre re, Tarquinio Prisco, Servio Tullio e Tarquinio il Superbo.  E pare che fosse proprio il regno dei re etruschi a provocare la caduta della monarchia; infatti Servio Tullio, dopo aver modificato l’antica divisione delle tribù del patriziato (i Ramnenses, i Titienses e i Luceres), divise tutta la popolazione, compresi i plebei, in cinque classi e istituì i comizi centuriati.  Alla reazione del patriziato sarebbero dovute la caduta della monarchia e la costituzione di una repubblica patrizia governata da due consoli elettivi nel 510 A.C.

La crisi della monarchia coincise con la crisi della potenza etrusca e con l’indebolimento della stessa Roma nei confronti delle popolazioni latine che erano riuscite a rendersi indipendenti dagli etruschi.  Lo stato di tensione tra Roma e la federazione latina ebbe termine nel 493 col foedus Cassianum

Successivamente Roma lottò contro l’etrusca Veio, vinta dal dittatore Furio Camillo nel 396 e prevalse contro i Galli, che nel 390 attraversarono la valle padana, valicarono gli Appennini e arrivarono fino a Roma. 

Dopo l’invasione dei Galli, Etruschi, Equi ed Ernici minacciarono di nuovo la città ma furono sconfitti dopo quasi 40 anni di guerre, al termine delle quali Roma riaffermò la propria egemonia sul Lazio. 

Durante tutto questo periodo, alla pressione dei nemici esterni si accompagnarono le lotte intestine tra patrizi e plebei, miranti, questi ultimi, a conquistare la garanzia di una legislazione scritta.  La secessione plebea, avvenuta nel 494 A.C., portò alla costituzione dei tribuni della plebe, cui seguì la stesura delle Leggi delle XII Tavole.
 

I contrasti tra le due classi continuarono però per tutto il V e il IV secolo A.C., durante i quali i plebei ottennero l’accesso al senato, alla dittatura, alla censura e alla pretura, nonché ai collegi degli àuguri e dei pontefici.  Grazie alle leggi Licinie-Sestie (336 A.C.) anche il consolato cessò di essere appannaggio esclusivo dei patrizi. 

(continua al prossimo numero)



 

 "Presepe Napoletano" di Raffaele Galasso