The Newsletter of The Italian Club of St. Louis
Internet Edition
July 2001
PROGRAMS...
Italy at the First Millenium
Honorary V. Consul Report
PRESIDENT'S CORNER
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Marionette Program  Big Hit
New I.C. Director
Barbara Klein in Milano
Board of Directors
TERZA PAGINA

Niccolo` Tommaseo
STORIA D'ITALIA
Tito
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La Rondine is published monthly by The Italian Club of St. Louis

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La Rondine

Volume 5 - Issue 7
Visit our website at www.italystl.com/italianclub
July 2001

JULY MEETING
  
Italy at the First Millenium


Last year, while the rest of us were wondering whether our computers would crash or whatever else might possibly happen as the world completed its second millennium, our speaker, Peter Puleo, more fascinated with what was happening a thousand years ago, was deep into his long on-going study of the world at the turn of the first millennium.  For Europe was in turmoil at the year 1000 and at the heart of this geopolitical minefield lay the land that ultimately became known as Italy. 

In his presentation, Puleo will address a basic question:  what was going on in Italy at the year 1000?  His talk will examine Italy's position in the then-known world and the clash of the powerful political and religious forces affecting her destiny.  The presentation will review the influence of the Church, the Emperor, the cities, the prominent personalities, and the conditions of society and life in general.  The first millennium was the turning point from which Italy would awaken from the sleep of the dark ages and begin the process by which she would dramatically impact the future of the western world.  
Peter Puleo is an engineering graduate of Washington University and a long time member and past Vice President and Director of the Italian Club of St. Louis.
 

Next Meeting July 18, 2001 
Cocktails 6:30 PM - Dinner 7:00 PM 
 Da Baldo's Restaurant 
RSVP Marie Wehrle 644-1645 

 
 
 

RECAP OF MAY MEETING
  
REPORT OF THE HONORARY VICE-CONSUL


 Our June speaker, Honorary Vice-Consul Joseph Colagiovanni, began his annual update on the Italian government reporting on the recent elections.  On May 13, the Italians elected a new government headed by Silvio Berlusconi, the Italian media magnate.  The new government is Italy’s 49th since 1945.  For Berlusconi and his party, Forza Italia, it is the second time at the head of the Italian government, since he previously served as Prime Minister for seven months in 1994.  

 Berlusconi’s election was not the result of a direct popular vote.  Forza Italia won 30 percent of the vote, more than any other party, but had to form a coalition government in order to reach the majority.  Although Romano Prodi began a movement to replace the proportional system with a more stable bi-polar system, the proportional system is still in use.  A referendum was held in May 2000 concerning this matter, but Berlusconi lead the opposition and urged the voters to abstain from voting.  Since the majority heeded his advice, the referendum was ruled invalid because less than 50% of the electorate voted, resulting in the continuation of the proportional system that has been in place since the end of World War II.  The system is characterized by more than two-dozen political parties whose coalitions are susceptible to collapse and consequently may drag down the government with them.

 Colagiovanni pointed out some interesting parallels between the current Italian government and the present political system in the United States:  the recent defection by Jim Jeffords from the Republican Party to the Independent Party has transformed the power in the U.S. Senate, making it a virtual coalition government.  In fact, Berlusconi’s coalition may be stronger than that by which the Democrats currently control the U.S. Senate.  The challenge facing the Italian Government is much the same as that facing America.  The economic conditions in Italy require immediate attention.  Prodi and his successors oversaw a heroic effort to bring down Italy’s deficits and qualify for its entry into the European Union’s single currency in 1998, forcing the country into belt-tightening changes:  more than $78 billion worth of state industries were privatized, inflation was slashed in half, and the economy achieved healthy growth rates, but Italy still lags behind most of Europe with slower growth and higher unemployment.  In addition, it remains at a trade deficit with the United States and most of its European trading partners and falls behind the rest of Europe in the amount of foreign direct investment that it obtains.  Italy, like the U.S., is facing an enormous demographic challenge as its population ages and its birth rates are very low, resulting in the next generation being significantly burdened by the retired workers with very few productive younger workers to support pension plans and other social services.  The Italian government’s first challenge is to invigorate the economic growth of Italy’s Mezzogiorno, the southern region, which continues to fall behind northern Italy and the rest of Europe.  

 In another parallel with the current American political situation, the campaign themes in both countries have focused on lower taxes, less bureaucratic red tape, and comparison to the administrations of Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher.  In a manner reminiscent of President Clinton’s tenure in office, Berlusconi has been dogged by years of public charges involving corruption and illegal activity.  These charges have been unsuccessful and have created the same kind of indifference by the electorate that was evident during Clinton’s tenure.  Paralleling the current Bush administration, Berlusconi’s own background is in business and he is frequently criticized in the foreign press for his remaining business connections.   
 In the course of the next several years, the European Union will be addressing expansion and the admission of additional countries.  As it does so, the focus on Italy should be significant.  Berlusconi intends to focus on economic expansion in southern Italy where more than $12 billion is targeted.  He is doing so under significant pressure from the European Union, which has asked that Italy control its government spending and rein in its pension system to stabilize its economy as required by the EU Stability Pact.  All of this will be occurring with Italy at the focal point of world attention in late July, when Genoa will host the annual summit of the G-7 and G-8.  Berlusconi’s choice for Foreign Minister, however, should aid him significantly, since Renato Ruggiero is the former chief of the World Trade Organization and has significant support within the foreign economic community.  
 



L’ANGOLO DEL PRESIDENTE
By Gene Mariani
 
DINNER PRICE INCREASE


For several years, the price of the meal at our regular monthly meetings has been $17.  Due to cost increases, Baldo simply can no longer continue to provide the dinner for this price.  The Board believes that Baldo and Madda have done a wonderful job for us and that a price increase is not unreasonable at this time.  Therefore the Board unanimously approved an increase of $2 (from $17 to $19 per person) effective at the July meeting.  When one considers the quality of our dinners and everything that is included, unlimited wine, dessert, even tax and gratuity, and compares that with what an equivalent dinner would cost anywhere else, the increase seems fair both to our members and to Baldo (also a member of the Club) and Madda.
 
WELCOME NEW MEMBERS!


We are pleased to announce that Richard Dona and Ronald Nuzzi were elected members of the Italian Club at the June 20 meeting.  Richard traces his Italian ancestry from his northern Italian born grandfather.  Ronald traces his ancestry to his grandparents, his maternal grandfather being from Pescara and his paternal grandfather from Naples.  Both members were sponsored by Eugene Mariani and Marie Cuccia-Brand.  Welcome Richard and Ronald to our group.  We are happy to have you with us.
 
ITALIAN CONVERSATION TABLE


The next Italian Club’s conversation group will meet on Thursday July 12 at 7:00 p.m. at the St. Louis Bocce Club.  The Italian Conversation Table is intended for people who have studied some Italian, have a basic knowledge of the language, and would like to practice conversation in a small group setting with the help of an Italian-speaking facilitator.  For more information, call Audrey at 863-8453. 
 

ANNOUNCEMENTS 
MARIONETTE PROGRAM - A BIG HIT

The Club’s special marionette program of Italian opera for children presented on June 24 by the Bob Kramer Marionette Company was great fun for everyone and, judging by the reaction of the children, clearly a huge success.  The performance was attended by 67 children and Italian Club members and friends.  The afternoon program began with a description of the history of marionette theater by Master Puppeteer, Dug Feltch.  Kramer’s singing and dancing marionettes then introduced the opera portion of the program with the galloping chords of Rossini’s overture to Guglielmo Tell followed by flamboyant renditions of arias from Italian operatic masterpieces including La gazza ladra, Tosca, and others.  After the performance, the audience was treated to biscotti, dolce, juice, fruit and, for the grownups, un po’ di vino
 

 
NEW ITALIAN CLUB DIRECTOR

 
Due to business reasons, Roger Gennari has resigned as a Director.  Gloria Etling was appointed to serve the balance of Gennari's term.  We will miss Roger's wise counsel and we wish to thank him for his hard work for the Club. We also wish to extend a warm welcome to Gloria.
 


 
BARBARA KLEIN
TEMPORARILY WORKING IN MILANO

Italian Club Treasurer Barbara Klein is on a work-related assignment in Milano.  She will keep her position as Treasurer of the Club during her absence.  Dan Viele has been appointed by the Board as Assistant Treasurer to keep the accounting records and produce our financial reports.  All of Barbara's other duties will be covered by other members of the Board. Anyone who would like to contact Barbara can do so by email at Barbara201@aol.com. 
She would be pleased to hear from you.  
 

 
 


 
 

 

 
The Italian Club of St. Louis

President:  Gene Mariani  EMariani@aol.com
Vice-President: James Tognoni JTognoni7@aol.com
Treasurer:  Barbara Klein  Barbara201@aol.com
Secretary:  Marie Cuccia-Brand  Mcucciasbj@aol.com
Directors: Carolyn Stelzer  carolinastelzer@aol.com
Vito Tamboli  vtamboli@frewwweb.com
Gloria Etling 
Program Committee:  Gene Mariani  EMariani@aol.com
Tony Perrone  perrone@lindenwood.edu
Pete Puleo  papuleo@prodigy.net
Vito Tamboli vtamboli@frewwweb.com
Patty Viviano  pattyt@hntlgh.com
Newsletter:  Luisa Gabbiani Flynn  danisa2@earthlink.net
Website: Franco Giannotti  francog@venmar.com




 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
 


 
I capolavori della poesia italiana
32.  Niccolò Tommaseo nacque in Dalmazia da genitori italiani nel 1802.  Fu filologo, traduttore, giornalista e romanziere e, come altri autori della sua generazione, fu spesso censurato dal regime austriaco.  Morì a Firenze nel 1874.

La poesia che segue, scritta nel 1855, fa parte della raccolta pubblicata nel 1872 col titolo di Poesie.  In essa il Tommaseo rivela alcuni aspetti originali della sua religiosità, una specie di visione panteistica dell’universo.  La foglia partecipa dell’armonia universale trasformandosi infinitamente in altre sembianze, mentre l’uomo non è diverso dalle più umili forme viventi.

A una foglia
di Niccolò Tommaseo

 Foglia, che lieve a la brezza cadesti
sotto i miei piedi, con mite richiamo
forse ti lagni perch’io ti calpesti.
 Mentr’eri viva sul verde tuo ramo,
passai sovente, e di te non pensai;
morta ti penso, e mi sento che t’amo.
 Tu pur coll’aure, coll’ombre, co’ rai
venivi amica nell’anima mia;
con lor d’amore indistinto t’amai.
 Conversa in loto1 ed in polvere, o pia,
per vite nuove il perpetuo concento
seguiterai della prima armonia2.
 E io, che viva in me stesso ti sento,
cadrò tra breve, e darò del mio frale3
al fiore, all’onda, all’elettrico, al vento.
 Ma te, de’ cieli nell’alto, sull’ale
recherà grato lo spirito mio;
e, pura idea, di sorriso immortale
 sorriderai nel sorriso di Dio.


1 trasformata in fango.  2 attraverso nuove vite parteciperai all’infinito concerto della prima armonia.  3 del mio fragile corpo.  

 
 


 
 
 

LA STORIA D’ITALIA
 
(Continua dal numero precedente)

24.  Tito (39 - 81)  (Imperatore 79 - 81).  Dei primi anni della sua vita non molto è noto.  Si sa che nel 64 sposò Arrecina Tertulla, che morì poco dopo il matrimonio, e che successivamente sposò Marzia Furnilla, una donna che apparteneva a una nobile famiglia romana; ma durante il regno di Nerone, la famiglia di Marzia finì in disgrazia perciò Tito la divorziò.  Tito ebbe una figlia, Flavia Giulia, non si sa bene se dalla prima o dalla seconda moglie:  la figlia sposò il cugino Flavio Sabino ma dopo la sua morte divenne l’amante dello zio Domiziano, il futuro imperatore, e morì nell’84 a causa di un aborto voluto da lui.  

Lo storico ebraico Giosefo racconta che Tito ebbe un ruolo importante nelle guerre contro gli ebrei del 67-68, ma è nel 70 che il suo nome diventa famoso, quando, alla morte di Nerone, viene lasciato dal padre Vespasiano in Giudea con l’incarico di distruggere Gerusalemme.  Tito assedia la città, la rade al suolo, ne distrugge il tempio e ne uccide gli abitanti conquistandosi la fama di eroe presso i romani e di mostro presso gli ebrei.  L’evento è commemorato dall’Arco di Tito, all’entrata del foro romano. 
Dopo questa vittoria Tito assapora la sua gloria viaggiando in oriente accompagnato da legionari e prigionieri e da Berenice, sorella di Erode Agrippa II, re della Siria, che sarà la sua compagna per diversi anni.  Ma la loro unione è ostacolata dai romani che vedono in lei un’altra Cleopatra, perciò quando Tito diventa imperatore i due devono lasciarsi, anche se a malincuore.  

Alla morte del padre, Tito gli succede pacificamente anche se pare che non corresse buon sangue tra di lui e il fratello Domiziano che gli succederà nell’81.  Inaspettatamente Tito si dimostrò un ottimo imperatore tanto che fu chiamato “delizia del genere umano.”  Nella vita di corte bandì il lusso ma come il padre non lesinò spese per costruire opere pubbliche.  Completò e inaugurò il Colosseo dando il via a cento giorni di feste con battaglie navali sul lago artificiale, battaglie di gladiatori e cacce di animali esotici; ricostruì la famosa biblioteca del Portico di Ottavia, facendo arrivare dall’oriente nuovi libri e nuovi codici; costruì bagni imperiali ed iniziò la costruzione dell’arco di Tito.  Inoltre si dimostrò molto umano e caritatevole con i suoi sudditi.  Dopo un altro spaventoso incendio di Roma, aiutò la popolazione a ricostruire e dopo l’eruzione del Vesuvio diede soccorso alla popolazione di Pompei. 

Lasciò il tesoro dello stato in condizioni molto migliori di di quanto l’avesse trovato, scelse con saggezza i suoi amici e consiglieri e promulgò leggi che trovavano favore presso i cittadini romani, favorendo soprattutto l’esercito.  

Fu uno degli imperatori veramente amati e pianti dopo la morte.
 
 
 

(continua al prossimo numero)