The Newsletter of The Italian Club of St. Louis
Internet Edition
October 2001

PROGRAMS...
A Look at the Italian Republican Tradition
Sacred Spaces - Medieval Tuscan Altarpieces
PRESIDENT'S CORNER
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Italian Club Seminar
Il Generale Della Rovere
Condolences
Columbus Day Cerimony
Board of Directors
TERZA PAGINA
Giosue` Carducci
STORIA D'ITALIA
Traiano
INSERTS
Italian Club Film Series
Il Generale Della Rovere
PREVIOUS ISSUES
HOME PAGE

La Rondine is published 
monthly by The Italian 
Club of St. Louis
(Optimized for
800x600 viewing)
Editor
Franco Giannotti
Internet Edition
(Click on name for email)
Don’t miss Bread and Tulips (Pane e tulipa- 
ni), an Italian film by Silvio Soldini now playing at Frontenac.  It’s a charming story with quirky characters set mostly in Venice. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 


 
 
 
 
 

 

La Rondine

Volume 5 - Issue 10
Visit our website at www.italystl.com/italianclub
October 2001

OCTOBER MEETING
  
A Retrospective Look
at the Italian Republican Tradition

   Our speaker in October will be member Tony Perrone, who will discuss the causes and factors underlying the spirit of Italian Republicanism throughout history.  By means of a comprehensive slide presentation, Tony will examine the roots and sources of the Italian Republican tradition from the time of the Roman Republic, which pre-dated the Empire, through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, culminating with the events of World War II leading to the establishment of the present Republic in 1946. 

   Anthony Perrone is a former Professor of Spanish Language and Literature at Lindenwood University as well as a popular teacher of Italian language throughout the St. Louis Metropolitan area.  Italian born, he still maintains a home in Sicily and has had a life-long passion for Italian history and current affairs.  He lives in a beautifully restored 19th century home in old St. Charles where he enjoys la dolce vita del buon gustaio
 

Next Meeting Wednesday, October 17, 2001 
Cocktails 6:30 PM - Dinner 7:00 PM 
 Da Baldo's Restaurant 
RSVP Marie Wehrle 544-8899
Or e-mail to emariani@aol.com

 
 
 

RECAP OF SEPTEMBER MEETING
  
Sacred Spaces - Medieval Tuscan Altarpieces


   Mary Beth Carosello could not be at the meeting to make the presentation, so Lou Carosello, her father, gave it in her place.  Lou has been a commercial artist for 25 years and for the past 20 years has been the Senior Art Director for Busch Creative Service Corporation.  Inspired by Mary Beth’s interest in art history and his own appreciation of artistic expression, Lou spent considerable time searching out and viewing examples of religious art pertinent to the discussion of medieval altarpieces.  Their combined efforts culminated in a lively and informative presentation.

   The Middle Ages have been traditionally known as the period that occurs between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance.  Although they were called the Dark Ages, it was a time rich in tradition of art and culture, preserving classical ideas and developing new ones.  During this period, the Church was the central force, commissioning art works and providing inspiration for the pieces that were being created. 

   Lou took us on a visual trip back to the Middle Ages showing us pictures of Florence and the church of Santa Croce.  In the church your eyes move to the high altar and to the crucifix that hangs above it.  The Crucifix in the St. Louis Art Museum painted by an unknown Tuscan artist in the mid 1300 is very similar to the one in Santa Croce.  The body is static, it is not sustained by the arms, and does not follow the law of gravity.  The stomach is slightly distended to show a realistic reaction to the crucifixion but the artist falls slightly short of being successful because he relies entirely on lines rather than on light and shadow.  This use of line becomes particularly noticeable in the area of the halo:  Jesus’ head has lolled forward but the halo remains on the axis.  A Poor Clare much smaller in size, probably representing the Franciscan order that commissioned the cross, is worshiping at Jesus’ feet.  The pelicans above the crucifix have a double meaning:  mother pelicans were thought to kill themselves so their young can drink their blood and live, reminding the viewer of Christ’s sacrifice; in another meaning, the serpent, enemy of the pelican, kills her young, the mother mourns and pierces her own heart, and as her life seeps out of her, the blood brings her brood back to life, reminding the viewer of both the sacrifice and the rebirth of Christ.

   The crucifixion was, of course, a popular commission, but equally in demand were variations on the Madonna and Child of which we examined three pieces that are also part of the Saint Louis Art Museum’s collection of altarpieces.  The first is the Sterbini Triptych by Andrea di Cione, called Orcagna (1308-1368) a Florentine artist who was considered one of the six best painters of his time.  The altarpiece is one of the gems of the museum’s collection.  The Madonna is not on a throne but is placed in an almond-shaped space called mandorla with six angels kneeling before her.  The flowers are lilies, symbols of purity.  Orcagna uses intense color to create volume, as shown by the thick pigment of the Virgin’s robe.  Mary is holding the child Christ up in a gesture that is more majestic than naturalistic.  The child is reaching up, both in a blessing and a natural movement.  On the right side of this triptych are St. Peter, Mary Magdalene, John the Baptist and St. Francis of Assisi; on the left St. Stephen, St. Paul, St.Catherine and St. Zenobius, a patron of Florence.  All are portrayed with the clothes and the emblems that make them recognizable to the worshiper now as in the past. 

   The next altarpiece Madonna with Child and Angels is by Spinello Aretino (Arezzo 1350-1410).  Being the son of a goldsmith, he has a jeweler’s approach to painting, with a fresh sense of color and the use of bold shapes.  The virgin’s face is soft but she is still an icon with gold background.  She sits on a throne that is also a church, a structure that 
serves to create depth.  Her robe, embroidered with stella maris, was once of a rich blue made from crushed lapis lazuli, but that layer has since flaked off and only the tempera base remains.  Christ’s robe is embroidered with birds representing both the Holy Spirit and the soul’s resurrection.

   The final altarpiece from the museum’s collection is another triptych, Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints by Lorenzo di Niccolò (1368-1415).  The Virgin sits on a marble throne with the Child, surrounded by saints as in the traditional altarpieces, but here the figure of St. Christopher stands out for its elegant demeanor, revealing the influence of Ghiberti, who at this time was carving the doors of the Baptistery. 
 
 

 



L’ANGOLO DEL PRESIDENTE
By Gene Mariani
 
WELCOME NEW MEMBER

   We are pleased to announce that Marianne Molla Klein was elected a member of the Italian Club at the September 19 meeting.  Marianne traces her Italian ancestry to the Region of Lombardy.  She was sponsored for membership by Carolyn Stelzer and Marie Cuccia Brand.
ELECTION OF DIRECTOR


   There will be an election for a new Director held at the October meeting.  The person elected will serve a three-year term on the Board commencing at the January 2002 meeting.  Any member wishing to run for this office should inform the Club Secretary, Marie Cuccia-Brand at 993-2252 or by email to mcucciasbj@aol.com by October 10, 2001.  Your name will be added to the ballot.
 
 


 

ANNOUNCEMENTS 
ITALIAN CLUB SEMINAR

   The Italian Club of St. Louis will continue its classical Italian literature series this fall with a seminar on the poems of Giacomo Leopardi, one of the most important authors in Italian literature.  Like the recent seminar on Dante, it will be led by Prof. Carla Bossola.  The lecture portion of each session will be in Italian followed by a discussion in which participants may ask questions, make comments, or review pertinent points in English.  The sessions will be held on Tuesday evenings from 7:00- 8:00 p.m. starting October 9 and running through November 13.  For more information or to make reservations please contact Barbara Klein at barbara201@aol.com or Eugene Mariani by telephone 314-352-5484.
 

 
IL GENERALE DELLA ROVERE
AT THE SAINT LOUIS ART MUSEUM

   Il Generale della Rovere, starring Vittorio De Sica, will be shown on Friday, October 19, 2001, at 7:30 p.m. at The Saint Louis Art Museum Auditorium in a program sponsored by the Italian Club of St. Louis and The Saint Louis Art Museum to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of De Sica, one of Italy’s greatest film directors and actors.  The screening of Generale della Rovere is a rare opportunity for St. Louisans to view what is considered to be one of the highlights of De Sica’s acting career, one in which he gives a deeply moving portrayal of a petty Genovese swindler who is jailed by the Nazis and forced to impersonate a war resistance leader. 

   Il Generale della Rovere, directed by Roberto Rossellini, won the Golden Lion as Best Film at the 1959 Venice Film Festival and was nominated for an Oscar for Best Writing, Story and Screenplay.  Dr. Carla Bossola, a lecturer sponsored by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, will discuss De Sica’s career and introduce the film.  A graduate of Rome’s Sapienza University,  Bossola is currently teaching Italian film, language and literature at Washington University and St. Louis University.  In Italian with English subtitles.

Tickets are $4 general admission, $3 for members of The Saint Louis Art Museum or the Italian Club of St. Louis, and may be purchased at the door.
 



 
CONDOLENCES

The Board of Directors wishes to extend its sympathy to the following members who have lost relatives during the past month:  to Monsignor Salvatore Polizzi on the death of his sister Phyllis Polizzi; to Marie Wehrle and her husband George Wehrle on the death of George’s brother, Francis Wehrle, in Victorville, California; and to Gabriele Lancia and his wife Josephine on the death of Gabriel’s uncle Antonino Lancia.
 
 
 

 


 
COLUMBUS DAY CEREMONY

   Members are urged to attend a wreath-laying ceremony sponsored by the Federation of Italian-American Organizations in honor of Christopher Columbus at 10:30 am on Friday, October 12 in Tower Grove Park. 

   In addition to Federation President Vito Tamboli, the Italian Community will be represented by Joseph Colagiovanni, Honorary Vice Consul of Italy, Cav. Antonino Lombardo, COMITES representative and publisher of the Il Pensiero newspaper and representatives of various other Italian-American organizations. 

   Through the efforts of member Joseph Torrisi, children from several St. Louis Public Schools will also attend the ceremony.  Thanks to the generosity of Southwest Bank, a memorial tree will by presented to Tower Grove Park in honor of Columbus.  There will be a reception following the ceremonies.  The Columbus Day Statue is located near the Grand Avenue entrance to the Park.

 
 
 
 

 
The Italian Club of St. Louis

President:  Gene Mariani  EMariani@aol.com
Vice-President: James Tognoni JTognoni7@aol.com
Treasurer:  Barbara Klein 
Dan Viele
Barbara201@aol.com
Secretary:  Marie Cuccia-Brand  Mcucciasbj@aol.com
Directors: Carolyn Stelzer  carolinastelzer@aol.com
Vito Tamboli  vtamboli@frewwweb.com
Gloria Etling 
Program Committee: Gene Mariani  EMariani@aol.com
Tony Perrone  perrone@lindenwood.edu
Pete Puleo  papuleo@prodigy.net
Vito Tamboli vtamboli@frewwweb.com
Patty Viviano  pattyt@hntlgh.com
Newsletter:  Luisa Gabbiani Flynn  danisa2@earthlink.net
Website: Franco Giannotti  francog@venmar.com




 



 
 


 
I capolavori della poesia italiana

35.  Giosue Carducci (Valdicastello 1835 – Bologna 1907), figlio di un medico condotto che fu processato come carbonaro, seguì la carriera di insegnante. Nel 1860 ottennne la cattedra di eloquenza italiana all’università di Bologna e divenne il poeta ufficiale del nuovo Regno d’Italia.  Nel 1906 ricevette il premio Nobel per la letteratura. 

Pianto antico fa parte della raccolta Rime nuove, pubblicata a Bologna nel 1887.  La lirica esprime il dolore del poeta alla morte del figlio Dante, la cui vita fu trocata dalla difterite mentre era ancora bambino. 

Pianto antico
di Giosue Carducci

      L’albero a cui tendevi
la pargoletta mano,
il verde melograno
da’ bei vermigli fior,
      nel muto orto solingo
rinverdì tutto or ora
e giugno lo ristora
di luce e di calor.
      Tu fior de la mia pianta
percossa e inaridita
tu dell’inutil vita
estremo unico fior,
      sei ne la terra fredda,
sei ne la terra negra;
né il sol più ti rallegra
né ti risveglia amor.


 
 
 

LA STORIA D’ITALIA
 
(Continua dal numero precedente)

27.  Traiano (53 - 117)  (Imperatore 98 - 117).   Traiano è considerato il primo dei cosiddetti “buoni” imperatori, che vanno da lui a Marc’Aurelio.  Durante il loro impero Roma raggiunse l’epoca aurea. 

Marco Ulpio Traiano, il primo imperatore nato nelle province, nacque ad Italica, in Spagna, in una colonia romana fondata da Scipione l'Africano e da lui popolata con i veterani del suo esercito. La sua famiglia era di origine romana, benché mischiata con gente del luogo.  Suo padre aveva fatto una brillantissima carriera nelle alte cariche dell'esercito e dell'amministrazione romana ed aveva ottenuto il titolo di patrizio, titolo molto ambito che veniva dato al gruppo più aristocratico della classe senatoriale.  Verso la metà degli anni 70 fu legionario sotto il comando del padre in Siria. Al suo ritorno sposò Pompea Plotina, che proveniva da Nimes, nella Gallia.  Non ebbero figli, perciò accolsero nella loro dimora Adriano, cugino di Traiano, che Plotina amò come un figlio e che sarà il futuro imperatore.

Il suo potere non fu meno di quello dei suoi predecessori, ma il suo stile fu molto diverso.  Di carattere affabile e deciso, ebbe un ottimo rapporto con i senatori, di cui riconosceva l’influenza e il prestigio e di cui riuscì ad ottenere l’appoggio.  Era un uomo intelligente e abile che godeva grande popolarità tra i suoi soldati di cui era stato generale durante gli ultimi 10 anni e di cui conosceva i nomi e condivideva le vicissitudini.  Condusse una vita dal tenore modesto e usò le grandi ricchezze procurate dalle sue campagne militari per opere pubbliche e sociali.  Fu inoltre un ottimo amministratore e pose persone oneste e capaci in posizioni di potere.  Uno di questi fu Plinio il Giovane, che Traiano nominò governatore della Bitinia, una delle province romane sulla costa dell’Asia Minore.  L’epistolario tra Plinio e Traiano consiste di migliaia di lettere che costituiscono un importante documento storico dell’epoca e una straordinaria biografia dell’imperatore, che si rivela un uomo dotato di buon senso e di dirittura morale.  Alla domanda di Plinio su come comportarsi con i Cristiani, Traiano risponde che non era opportuno perseguitarli per la loro religione ma soltanto se fossero sediziosi contro l’autorità costituita.  Questo atteggiamento era in pieno accordo con la tolleranza praticata dai Romani verso le molte divinità pagane e le varie religioni che giungevano a Roma dalle province. 

Nel primi anni Traiano non si dedicò ad estendere i confini dell’impero, ma nel 101 riprese l’invasione della Dacia, che Domiziano era stato costretto ad abbandonare dal re Decebalo.  Traiano ne conquistò la capitale e Decebalo si suicidò insieme alle sue truppe per non essere fatto prigioniero. 

La conquista della Dacia procurò molte ricchezze minerarie che Traiano usò per costruire grandiose opere pubbliche a Roma, in Italia e nelle province sotto la direzione del grande e famoso architetto Apollodoro di Damasco; tra le più importanti sono i fori imperiali, al centro dei quali fu eretta la statua dell’imperatore.  Un altro capolavoro è la colonna traiana,  costruita per celebrare la vittoria contro la Dacia. Questa famosa colonna è ancor oggi la più eloquente testimonianza della gloria di Traiano. 

Oltre alla Dacia, nel 105-106 Traiano aggiunse all’impero la provincia dell’Arabia con la conquista del regno dei Nabatei.

Diverse donne ebbero un ruolo importante nella vita di Traiano: oltre alla moglie Pompea Plotina, la sorella Marciana e Matidia, sua figlia, che diventerà la moglie di Adriano, furono deificate e onorate con monumenti e iscrizioni.

Nel 113 Traiano iniziò i preparativi per una guerra decisiva contro i Parti che avevano messo sul trono il re Partamasiri senza l’approvazione dei Romani. Attraversò l'Asia Minore e la Cilicia e verso la fine dell'anno raggiunse Antiochia.  In principio la sua spedizione fu marcata dal successo, ma i territori conquistati furono molto duri da tenere a causa delle continue insurrezioni delle popolazioni locali.  Traiano aveva sessant’anni e la durissima campagna durata tre anni, il deserto e le misavventure lo avevano prostrato. Rientrato ad Antiochia, mentre si preparava a tentare una nuova spedizione, fu colpito da una paralisi.  Affidò l'esercito in Siria ad Adriano e si imbarcò per fare rientro in Italia ma si aggravò e fu costretto a fermarsi a Selinunte dove morì dopo aver annunciato l’adozione di Adriano.

(continua al prossimo numero)

 

YOU ARE CORDIALLY INVITED TO
ITALIAN FILMS AND OPERA AT THE BOCCE CLUB

A Series of Classic Italian Films and Great Opera Sponsored by
The Italian Club of St. Louis


 


Pane e Cioccolato     Friday, September 14, 2001 
A great film about an Italian immigrant worker in Switzerland, played by Nino Manfredi, and the problems he had to face.  Through almost no fault of his own, things keep going from bad to worse, but he perseveres through it all.  Introduction by Dr. Carla Bossola
 

Madama Butterfly     Friday, September 28, 2001 
The tragic affair of Cio-Cio San and U.S. Navy Lieutenant, B. F. Pinkerton in turn of the century Nagasaki.  A powerful opera with listener-friendly music and scenery that intensifies the dramatic content of the work, Butterfly may well be Giacomo Puccini's most familiar and arguably his best opera.  Introduction by Vito Tamboli
 

In Nome del Papa-Re    Friday, October 12, 2001 
Manfredi plays a magistrate in a small region under the realm of Papal rule who faces the legal battle of his life when his own son is accused of being a terrorist.  Justice, mercy, and love become oil-and-water elements in this wrenching 1977drama.  Introduction by Dr. Carla Bossola
 

Tosca        Friday, November 2, 2001
Tosca, Puccini’s gripping drama set in the Rome of Napoleonic times, is full of beautiful melodies, intense passions, love, envy, corruption, and murder.  A dazzling film shot on location in Rome at the Church of Sant 'Andrea Della Valle, the Palazzo Farnese, and finally at Castel Sant'Angelo.  Introduction by Dorotea Rossomanno-Phillips
 

Films are in Italian with English sub-titles and start at 7:30 p.m.
At the St. Louis Bocce Club
2210 Marconi Avenue, St. Louis, MO
Admission is Free

For further information call Gene Mariani at 314-352-5484

 



Vittorio De Sica in Il generale della Rovere 
At The Saint Louis Art Museum 

Vittorio De Sica, one of Italy’s greatest film directors and actors, was born on July 7, 1901, near Naples, Italy.  He began his film career as a young boy appearing in L’affare Clemenceau.  Increasingly drawn towards acting, De Sica  joined a stage company, became a successful matinee idol of the Italian theatre, and repeated that achievement in Italian films, mostly light comedies.  

During the 1940s he turned to directing, making comedies in a similar vein, but with his fifth film, I bambini ci guardano (The Children Are Watching Us), in 1942, he revealed an extraordinarily sensitive touch with actors, especially children.  Also, this was the first film that he made with the writer Cesare Zavattini, with whom he would later make Sciuscià (Shoeshine), in 1946, and Ladri di biciclette (Bicycle Thieves) in 1948, two heartbreaking studies of poverty in postwar Italy that won special Oscars.

After the 1951 box-office disaster of Umberto D., a bleak study of the problems of old age, he returned to directing lighter work, and appeared in front of the camera more frequently.  Although Ieri, oggi, domani (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow) won him another Oscar in 1965, it was generally accepted that his career as one of the great directors was over.  However, just before he died he made Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini (The Garden of the Finzi-Continis), a powerful study of anti-Semitism in Fascist Italy, which won him yet another Oscar, and his final film Una breve vacanza (A Brief Vacation).

De Sica was influential in the careers of several important screen stars, including Sophia Loren.  He cast her in one of her first film roles, L'Oro di Napoli  (The Gold of Naples--La pizza segment), and later directed her in La ciociara (Two Women) for which she won an Academy Award for best actress.

De Sica once confessed “sono stato un regista impegnato ma fare l’attore è sempre stato per me un bisogno istintivo” (I was a busy director but acting has always been an instinctive need).  Indeed his own acting career spanned more than fifty years and 165 movies, ending in 1974 with C'eravamo tanto amati (We all Loved Each Other So Much).  Highlights of his acting career include A Farewell to Arms, 1957, L'Oro di Napoli (The Gold of Naples-Il giocatore segment) 1954, and the starring role in Il Generale della Rovere (General della Rovere), 1959.
In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of De Sica’s birth, the the Italian Club of St. Louis is pleased to co-sponsor the screening of Il Generale della Rovere on Friday, October 19, 2001, at 7:30 p.m. at The Saint Louis Art Museum auditorium.  This a rare opportunity for our members and St. Louisans to view what is considered to be one of the highlights of De Sica’s acting career in which he gives a deeply moving portrayal of a petty swindler who is jailed by the Nazis and forced to impersonate a war resistance leader.  

Il Generale della Rovere, directed by Roberto Rossellini, won the Golden Lion as Best Film at the 1959 Venice Film Festival and was nominated for an Oscar for Best Writing, Story and Screenplay.  The film, which has a running time of 90 minutes, will be presented in Italian with English subtitles.  Dr. Carla Bossola, Italian Club member and lecturer sponsored by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, will discuss De Sica’s career and introduce the film.  Tickets are $4 general admission, $3 for members of The Saint Louis Art Museum or the Italian Club of St. Louis, and may be purchased at the door.  

We hope to see you there!