BBC News
March 22, 2004

The enigmatic Italian-born widow of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi is now the torchbearer of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty - the legendary family clan that has ruled India for 39 of its 52 years as an independent nation.

BBC NEWS | World | South Asia | Profile: Sonia Gandhi
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3546851.stm
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Sonia Gandhi, nee Maino, was born into a family of modest means in a village called Ovassanjo, 80 km away from Turin, on Dec. 9, 1946.

Sonia met Rajiv Gandhi, of the dynastic family of India, while they were both at Cambridge University, in Language school, during the 1960s. They were married in 1968 after three years of courtship.

Sonia had always shown an aversion to politics, detesting it so much she had even threatened to divorce Rajiv if he ever entered politics.

However, after the death of his brother Sanjay, Rajiv's mother, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, induced Rajiv, an airline pilot, to enter politics, but only because Indira and Sonia had become so close. After Indira was assassinated in 1984, Rajiv succeeded Indira as head of the Congress party, and was sworn in as Prime Minister of India.

Rajiv, sought to increase Indian investments in modern technology, which is now paying off handsomely. In 1991, Rajiv was assassinated. Since his death, Sonia led a life of near reclusiveness for six years.

After rejecting requests from the Congress party for 6 years, she was finally induced to enter politics, and is credited with saving the Congress party from doom.

Even though she was married to Rajiv in 1968, and has lived in India since, and she become an Indian citizen in 1984, in election campaigns, her Italian origin is used
by her opponents as propaganda grist.
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BIOGRAPHY OF SONIA (MAINO) GANDHI

Born into a family of modest means in an Italian village on the banks of a river 58 years ago, Sonia Maino, now Sonia Gandhi, has weaved a dramatic way to a place in history by becoming the President of India's century-old Congress party. Being the third woman of foreign origin to hold the prestigious post after Annie Beasant and Nelli Sengupta, Sonia Gandhi also became the fifth from the Nehru family to take over the Congress reins. The other four were Motilal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi.

She also is the eighth person of the foreign origin to be the Congress president.

In a short span since she plunged into active politics before the February mid-term Lok Sabha elections, Sonia in fact, had wrought a political miracle by becoming the dual chief of the 113 year old Indian National Congress and its Parliamentary party.

In the process, Sonia Gandhi also emulated her husband, mother-in-law and grandfather-in-law—Rajiv, Indira and Nehru— who all held the two posts during their career.

Sonia Gandhi, nee Maino, was born in a place called Ovassanjo, 80 km away from Turin, on Dec. 9, 1946.

Married into India's best known family of Nehru-Gandhi in 1968, the 52-year-old Sonia Gandhi became a primary member of the Congress less than a year ago before the Calcutta Congress Plenary Session in August 1997.

Since Rajiv's death, Sonia had led a life of near recluse for six years but for her appearances at a few official functions. She touched many a heart when she poured out her 'vedna' (agony) at a public meeting a few years ago in Amethi about the
delay in the probe of Rajiv assassination case.

Barring such vieled political statements, Sonia hid her emotions behind a thick veil of secrecy keeping observers guessing about whether she nursed political intentions at all. But fawning Congressmen, looking for a charismatic personality to lead the party to electoral success, kept sending their appeals to her to come and take over the party.

After an excruciating spell of suspense, Sonia, who long remained something of an enigma to many, finally decided to campaign for the Congress in the just-concluded Lok Sabha electors and is credited by observers with preventing a doom for the party.

Congress, which was forecast not to cross the double digit mark managed a tally of 141 seats, largely due to her charismatic presence during the campaign.

In fact, the top job of the Congress organisation was offered to her on a platter immediately after the death of her husband on May 21, 1991. But a grieving and reluctant Sonia declined the offer.

Travelling the length and breadth of the country in a hurricane election tour, Sonia caught the imagination of the masses, by her emotional speeches in Hindi prepared in advance.

Observers commented that Sonia successfully adopted her mother-in-law's mannerism and style in warming her way to large crowds which had turned up at her election rallies.

Sonia, whose Italian origin gave her opponents propaganda grist became a full-fledged Indian citizen in 1984 after the death of Indira Gandhi.

Sonia met Rajiv Gandhi in Cambridge during 1960s when the former Prime Minister was studying at the famous British University. They were married in 1968 after three years of courtship which began in a Greek restaurant in the university town. The simple ceremony was held on Vasant Panchami day in February, the same day when Indira Gandhi married Feroze decades earlier.

The wedding was a simple nondenominational ceremony in the garden of 1, Safdarjang Road. Sonia wore a pink sari made from cotton which Nehru had spun while in prison... It was the same sari which Indira had worn for her wedding, says biographer Nicholas Nugent in his book Rajiv Gandhi —son of a dynasty.

The new addition to the family became an instant favourite. Sonia and Indira became extremely fond of each other. It was relationship that time would deepen still further, according to Nugent.

Strange as it may sound now, Sonia had, in fact, shown aversion to politics for long. She detested politics and opposed her husband Rajiv entering it, according to Nugent. Sonia had even threatened to divorce Rajiv if he ever entered politics, according to Nugent quoting Indira Gandhi in the book.

Rajiv commented to this later saying Sonia felt she would be losing me.

Tariq Ali, author of the Nehru's and the Gandhi's, an "Indian dynasty", says at one point Sonia had told a friend that she would rather have her children beg in the streets than Rajiv going to politics.

Eventually, Rajiv resigned from Indian Airlines to join politics after Sanjay's death in 1980. It was a joint decision arrived at after long talks with Sonia, Ali quotes Rajiv as saying.

That was history. Now not only Sonia is in the thick of politics, but her children, Rahul and Priyanka, too are in great demand in the Congress circle for taking over the Youth Congress

Sonia Gandhi - SoniaGandhi.org
http://www.soniagandhi.org/Biography.htm
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