It is SO Terribly unfortunate that some of us Jews feel shame (?) that the Chief Rabbi of Rome, Israel Zolli, "converted" to Catholicism in 1945, in gratitude, for the amount of effort that Pope Pius XII exerted to protect and save Jews from the Nazis.

It was equally unfortunate that Zolli's conversion was an embarrassment for some Catholics, an abomination by others, and an "infiltration" by still others.

To add insult to injury, some Jews have even taken to "smear" the Pope, and Italy,
like David Kretzer, mentioned in the following article, with his "The Popes Against the Jews...", and "The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara...”  among others.

This despite, besides the Chief Rabbi of Rome, immense gratitude was expressed by Chief Rabbi Isaac Herzog of Palestine in 1945, Chief Rabbi Alexander Safron of Bucharest, Israel Prime Minister Golda Meir, Jewish historian Pinchas Lapide, among so many others.

A Recommended Antidote; Yours is a Precious Witness: Sr. Margherita Marchione

Amazon.com: Customer Reviews: Yours Is a Precious Witness: Memoirs of Jews and Catholics in Wartime Italy
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In 1945, Israel Zolli, leader of one of the most ancient Jewish communities of the diaspora asked to be baptized Catholic and took the name of Eugenio — a sign of his great admiration for Pope Eugenio Pacelli.

In his book Antisemitismo (today, like all of his works, almost impossible to find), Israel Zolli wrote: "World Jewry owes a great debt of gratitude to the holiness of Pius XII for his repeated and pressing appeals for justice on behalf of the Jews and, when these did not prevail, for his strong protests against evil laws and procedures."

MY FATHER NEVER STOPPED BEING A JEW- Mariam Zolli
(Zolli characterized his step as a "Continuation", much in the style of Jesus and the Apostles, who did not stop being Jews merely because they advocated a different form of Judaism)

Zolli's daughter, Miriam who was 20, in 1945 was quoted in a published interview:

"I remember quite clearly what my father said about the Pope, Pope Pius XII," Miriam Zolli began. "'You will see,' he said, 'they will blame Pope Pius XII for the world's silence in the face of the Nazis' crimes!"'

"The controversy now over the Vatican's document on the Shoah is based far too much on emotion," Miriam said. "Almost no one is giving enough consideration to the actual circumstances of those years." Miriam feels the full story of her father has never been told, that, because it arouses so many emotions, it has been "buried" by consensus.

JTA News
by Ruth Ellen Gruber
June 20, 2004

Rabbi Vittorio Della Rocca was only 11 years old at the time, but he will never forget a historic Shabbat at Rome’s Great Synagogue 60 years ago this month. It was June 9, 1944 — just five days after Allied troops had liberated the city from the Nazis.

And on that first Friday night of freedom, an American Jewish chaplain led 4,000 Jews in the Shehecheyanu prayer.

“It was an incredible scene of joy and euphoria,” Della Rocca says. “There was a black spot, though, as everyone among us started counting to see if they could find all their loved ones.”

The Rome temple was the first large synagogue to be liberated in Europe.

The American chaplain was Lt. Morris Kertzer, a young rabbi from Iowa City, Iowa. Attached to the U.S. Fifth Army, he had landed with thousands of other U.S. troops at Anzio and witnessed the Allied liberation of Rome on June 4.

Kertzer died two decades ago.

But this month, almost 60 years to the day after that historic Shabbat service, the Rome Jewish community presented a hand-lettered scroll of appreciation to Kertzer’s son, David.

A professor at Brown University, David Kertzer has gained renown in recent years for his books on Italian Jewish history.

They include “The Popes Against the Jews: The Vatican’s Role in the Rise of Anti-Semitism” and “The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara,” which recounts the story of the abduction by the church and forced conversion of a young Jewish boy in Bologna in 1858.

“For my father and for all Jewish American soldiers, to participate in the liberation of Europe was an extraordinary experience,” Kertzer said.

“My father’s experiences here had a big impact on me, and it’s not really a coincidence that I chose the field of study that I did,” he said.

During World War II, deportations of Italian Jews began only after the Nazis occupied Italy in September 1943.

Many Jews in Rome found refuge in the homes of Christian friends or in Catholic institutions, but methodical round-ups and searches led to the deportation of more than 2,000 Roman Jews to Auschwitz. About 8,000 Italian Jews in all were deported.

The Rome community’s award, presented by the city’s chief rabbi, Riccardo Di Segni, and the president of the Jewish community, Leone Paserman, came during an international conference June 16-17 that was held to honor the synagogue’s 100th anniversary

“During their 10 months of occupation, the Nazis had sealed the synagogue but didn’t desecrate it,” Paserman said. “On that first Friday night after the liberation, Jews from all over the city emerged from hiding and made their way to the temple.

“It’s important to remember that the war was still going on elsewhere, and there would still be 11 months before peace was declared,” he said.

Rabbi Kertzer himself wrote vividly about his experiences in Rome in a book of memoirs published in 1947.

Accompanied by another Jewish chaplain, Aaron Paperman, he entered Rome in “a jeep sandwiched between a tank and a truck” as part of an impromptu military parade, cheered on by a millions Italians. The two rabbis immediately sought out the local Jewish community.

“We were probably the first tourists since 1939 to ask, ‘Dov’ e’ la sinagoga, per favore?’ ” Kertzer wrote.

“The following Friday, on the ninth day of June, the first large synagogue in liberated Europe opened its doors,” he wrote.

“Four thousand men, women, and children streamed into the high-domed house of worship. Vast though the temple is, every inch of space was occupied,” he wrote.

In his brief, English-language sermon, Kertzer told the Jews of Rome that the Allied soldiers shared their burdens and stressed the sense of unity that bound Jews worldwide.

“We Americans, from all walks of life, wearing the uniform of America, have flocked to the house of God. And we saw Jewish soldiers from England and Canada, Jewish soldiers wearing the insignia of Eretz Yisroel, proudly enter your beautiful synagogue to join in prayer,” he told them.

Kertzer did not conduct the service alone — he shared the bimah with Israel Zolli, the elderly and controversial chief rabbi of Rome, and at least two other rabbis.

Zolli, however, is almost never mentioned by Italian Jews, and his role in the liberation celebration was not brought up when Kertzer was honored.

The reason is painful, embarrassing and bitterly ironic.

After the liberation, Jewish community leaders accused Zolli of having abandoned his post and his congregation during the Nazi occupation and fired him as chief rabbi. The Allies reinstated him (calling the self appointed Council, "collaborators"), but the conflict split the community.

In February 1945, just six months after the joyful liberation Shabbat, Zolli effectively ended the dispute by announcing his conversion to Roman Catholicism.

JTA NEWS
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