Sunday,
January 21, 2007
Italian War Camp in WWII by American
recalled by Lost Diary
The
ANNOTICO Report
American
soldier Dennis Sweeney was captured by Italian Forces near
Sweeney joined
about 2,200 Allied soldiers in Camp 59, which housed British, American, French
and Polish prisoners of war. In anecdotes written by other prisoners of the
camp, guards often told soldiers, "For you, the war is over," when
they arrived. Following the Geneva Convention's rules, the Italians paid the
prisoners twice monthly the same
salary as soldiers, with a deduction for housing costs.
They were given
new clothes upon arrival British
uniforms, he wrote.
Each day they ate
a dinner of bread, cheese and tea at 11 a.m., and supper at 4:30 p.m., often
small amounts of pasta. The guards issued them cigarettes, and on holidays a
prisoner-led orchestra performed and prisoners boxed.
Easter Sunday The orchestra entertained us boys with music. Also we
witnessed 12 boxing bouts. Mother's Day was the same program.
May-17-43 209
American prisoners arrived in our camp. I thought we looked bad when we arrived
in this camp, but they looked worse than we did. I was hoping to see some of my
buddies, and to my surprise, I found one.
May-29-43 I
received my first letter. It was the first letter I received in 7 months and
believe me I was the happiest boy in camp. I must have read that letter 10
times that day.
May-31-43 I took
my weekly bath. My friend threw water on me by the bucket full.
June-14-43
Was my birthday.
I was 28 years of age and it seemed to me like another day in a P.O.W. camp.
On Sundays,
Sweeney, a devout Catholic, took communion from an Italian priest. Days seemed
to pass slowly. He wrote his mother a letter on July 3, and the hot Italian
summer took its toll on him in the camp, leaving him to search for ways to cool
off.
One day in July,
Sweeney relished the opportunity to leave the prison walls for a half hour to
cart gravel into camp from a mile away.
He spent much of
his time writing poems and philosophizing about the war:
Sweeney's diary
ends on Sept. 8, 1943, the day the Italian forces surrendered to the Allies. A
few days after the Italian surrender, he said, the Italian commandant opened
the gates and announced, "You're on your own," to the prisoners.
His group of 13
fled to the
In
"Sometimes,
after work, they would make us take off our clothes and put them in a bushel
basket and take it away," Sweeney told an
Forgotten wartime journal turns up in
Reveals life in a
World War II POW camp
The Daily Sentinel
Saturday, January 20, 2007
It fits snugly in
your hand a small notebook of graph
paper, tattered and yellowed by more than six decades in a soldier's pack and a
veteran's drawer.
While in an
Italian prison camp during World War II, an
More than 63
years after he lost the diary, Dennis Sweeney, 91, reconnected with those
wartime thoughts and feelings when he received a package from
When
In the confusion,
Sweeney apparently handed his diary to a
The diary
languished in a drawer until last month, when Valentine's nephew, Jim Norman, a
"It was kind
of an epiphany,"
"My uncle
Carl was gone, and I thought he was, too. But I thought I would try to get it
to his family."
Singletary,
through the Veterans Services Administration, learned Sweeney was alive at 91
and still living in
Since 1985,
Sweeney has lived with his lifelong friend Jean Owens, who is a retired school
teacher Sweeney grew up with in
When the diary
arrived, he told his caregiver that he could hardly believe he wrote it. The
words seemed foreign. But his entries provide a glimpse into a short period of
his life when he had time to ponder his predicament, and the war so many were
thrust into.
Inducted into the
Army Feb. 3, 1942, at
Sweeney and other
Americans marched 15 miles in the mud into
Allied forces
bombed
Sweeney joined
about 2,200 Allied soldiers in Camp 59, which housed British, American, French
and Polish prisoners of war. In anecdotes written by other prisoners of the
camp, guards often told soldiers, "For you, the war is over," when
they arrived. Following the Geneva Convention's rules, the Italians paid the
prisoners twice monthly the same
salary as soldiers, with a deduction for housing costs.
They were given
new clothes upon arrival British
uniforms, he wrote.
Each day they ate
a dinner of bread, cheese and tea at 11 a.m., and supper at 4:30 p.m., often
small amounts of pasta. The guards issued them cigarettes, and on holidays a
prisoner-led orchestra performed and prisoners boxed.
Easter Sunday The orchestra entertained us boys with music. Also we
witnessed 12 boxing bouts. Mother's Day was the same program.
May-17-43 209
American prisoners arrived in our camp. I thought we looked bad when we arrived
in this camp, but they looked worse than we did. I was hoping to see some of my
buddies, and to my surprise, I found one.
May-29-43 I
received my first letter. It was the first letter I received in 7 months and
believe me I was the happiest boy in camp. I must have read that letter 10
times that day.
May-31-43 I
took my weekly bath. My friend threw water on me by the bucket full.
June-14-43 Was my birthday. I was 28 years of age and it seemed to me
like another day in a P.O.W. camp.
On Sundays,
Sweeney, a devout Catholic, took communion from an Italian priest. Days seemed
to pass slowly. He wrote his mother a letter on July 3, and the hot Italian
summer took its toll on him in the camp, leaving him to search for ways to cool
off.
One day in July,
Sweeney relished the opportunity to leave the prison walls for a half hour to
cart gravel into camp from a mile away.
He spent much of
his time writing poems and philosophizing about the war:
Any fool can
make war. And that is the reason why wise men arm themselves.
War does not
determine who is right only who is
left.
Poems he wrote
focused on childhood, and they were often addressed to his mother. His poem
"An Irish Doughboy's Dream" begins:
Oh mother, do
not worry,
For your boy
who's far away
He thinks of
you quite often.
In
fact, every day.
But Sweeney would
not see his mother again.
"I was glad
to get home and see my mother," Sweeney said about his homecoming at the
war's end. "But they didn't tell me she had passed away before about a year after I was captured, but
they didn't want to tell me."
Sweeney's diary
ends on Sept. 8, 1943, the day the Italian forces surrendered to the Allies.
According to a history of the Servigliano camp, about
3,000 prisoners escaped through a hole in the wall during the confusion
following the surrender. Sweeney cannot remember the circumstances under which
he relinquished the diary, but he does remember escaping the Italian camp.
A few days after
the Italian surrender, he said, the Italian commandant opened the gates and
announced, "You're on your own," to the prisoners. His group of 13
fled to the
In
"Sometimes,
after work, they would make us take off our clothes and put them in a bushel
basket and take it away," Sweeney told an
They never tried
to escape, he said, because they had no place to go. Time passed, he said, and
the Germans began to lose their grip on
"All of a
sudden the camp was quiet," he said. "The Russian and the Polish
(troops) were coming fast. The Germans wanted to get out, too. We had to walk
out through the snow to find the Americans."
Sweeney and the
other Americans eventually found Allied troops near the
At Lucky Strike,
Sweeney changed clothes for the first time since he was given new British
clothes a year and a half before at Servigliano.
He left
The ship docked
in
After a long
pause, his relatives broke the news: "Dennis, listen, we have to tell you
something."
Coming back to
civilian life, Sweeney took a job as an orderly at a Lehigh County-owned
nursing home in
Sweeney worked
there for 25 years before taking his pension at 62. He never married and has no
children, but he and Owens pass the days talking and telling jokes What has four
eyes but can't see?
After he learned
of the diary's existence in late December, Sweeney talked about the lost
journal constantly. Waiting for the package to arrive, he constantly awaited
the diary and asked his caretaker, Marie Schleder, if
it was coming soon.
"It's hard
for him to think back so far and think he actually wrote it," Schleder said.
It arrived from
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